The Schipperke is a spirited and loyal small dog originally bred in Belgium as a barge guard and ratter, earning the nickname “Little Captain.” These lively and confident dogs adapt well to nearly any environment, provided they receive enough exercise and mental stimulation. They are fearless, curious, and always on alert, making them excellent watchdogs for both homes and boats.
Known as “little captains,” Schipperkes were first developed in medieval Belgium, where they worked aboard canal boats as pest controllers and guardians. They later gained popularity among city shopkeepers for their watchdog abilities. The breed gained early fame when members of the Brussels shoemakers guild held a “specialty show” for their Schipperkes in 1690. By the late 1800s, their reputation had spread across Europe and into the United States. Schipperkes typically have a shiny black double coat, though rare cream or blonde variations exist. Their signature look includes a thick ruff around the neck that sometimes extends down to the tail and hind legs. While tail docking was once common, most modern Schipperkes now sport a natural curled tail.
These intelligent and mischievous dogs are full of personality and require consistent training from an experienced owner. They are affectionate with family, especially children, and love being part of household activities. Schipperkes are vigilant and will patrol their home with enthusiasm, always on the lookout for intruders or pests. Common health concerns include luxating patellas, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, thyroid issues, and eye conditions. Their dense coats require weekly brushing, with more frequent care during shedding seasons. Schipperkes have moderate energy levels and enjoy brisk daily walks or free play in a secure yard. Although they shed moderately year-round, regular brushing helps manage loose fur and keeps their coat in excellent condition.