Dog Fever (Pyrexia): Causes, Signs & Care Tips

In dogs, pyrexia is the medical term used to describe a fever, which occurs when their body temperature rises above the usual range of 99.5#6F to 102.5#6F (37.5#6C to 39.2#6C). Any temperature at or above 103.5#6F (39.7#6C) is regarded as a fever and can indicate underlying health issues that warrant prompt attention from a veterinarian.

Common Causes of Pyrexia in Dogs

Pyrexia usually isnt the actual disease but signals that the body is combatting an underlying problem. In the U.S., dog fevers commonly arise from the immune system responding to viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections — the elevated temperature helps discourage bacterial development and supports immune system effectiveness. Other contributors include autoimmune diseases, cancerous tumors, metabolic or hormonal imbalances, inflammatory disorders, reactions to medications, toxic exposures, or sometimes unclear causes, known as Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO).

Signs and Symptoms of Fever in Your Dog

• Body temperature exceeding the normal range
• Shivering or chills
• Low energy or fatigue
• Decreased appetite or refusal to eat
• Rapid heartbeat
• Signs of dehydration like dry, sticky gums
• Increased or labored breathing
• In severe cases, symptoms of shock may appear

How Veterinarians Diagnose the Cause of Fever

If your dog has an elevated temperature lasting more than four days, seeing a veterinarian is critical. The vet will conduct a thorough history evaluation and may recommend diagnostic tests such as blood counts, chemistry panels, urinalysis, and imaging techniques including X-rays and ultrasound. More advanced imaging like CT or MRI might be advised depending on the case. Sometimes, an endoscopy is necessary to explore internal blockages or infections. These tests help pinpoint the underlying issue and allow for precise treatment plans.

Treatment Approaches Depending on Diagnosis

Treatment varies according to the diagnosed condition. For instance, bacterial infections necessitate a complete course of antibiotics that should not be stopped early, even if your dog seems to improve. Dogs facing serious dehydration from fever may require hospitalization for fluid replacement therapy and close veterinary monitoring. When no cause is labeled after the initial investigation (FUO), referral to a veterinary internal medicine specialist may be recommended. Be aware that some of these diagnostic procedures could be expensive and intrusive.

Supporting Recovery and Aftercare

The period after treatment is as important as the treatment itself. It's best to restrict your dog's exercise to prevent stress while they regain strength. Feeding a well-balanced and nutritious diet that supplies enough calories aids in their healing process. If your dog refuses solid food, your vet might suggest a temporary high-calorie liquid diet. Providing a calm, hydrated, and low-stress environment promotes quicker recovery.

Understanding Fever of Unknown Origin in Dogs

In brief: Fever of Unknown Origin or PUO describes a continual fever lasting over four days without a confirmed cause despite thorough veterinary examinations.

Sometimes, even after extensive testing, no definitive source for the fever is found. This condition, known as PUO, can be challenging for dog owners but requires a cooperative approach with the veterinarian including multiple evaluations and occasional trial treatments. Potential causes could range from concealed infections to autoimmune conditions or inflammatory processes that are difficult to identify through standard testing.

How to Take Your Dog's Temperature at Home

Monitoring your dog's temperature at home can help detect fever early. Use a digital rectal thermometer, lubricated with petroleum jelly. Carefully insert it about one inch into the dog's rectum and wait for the reading. Normal temperatures fall between 99.5#6F and 102.5#6F. Readings above this range indicate a fever, and you should promptly consult a veterinarian, especially if accompanied by other concerning signs.

Frequently Asked Questions About Fever in Dogs

Can I give my dog human fever medicine like Tylenol?

Medications intended for humans such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) can be extremely harmful and should never be given to dogs. Always consult your veterinarian for safe and effective treatment options appropriate for your pet.

When is a dogs temperature dangerously high?

A body temperature exceeding 105.8#6F (41#6C) is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate veterinary attention to prevent serious complications.

How soon should I call the vet if my dog has a fever?

If your dog's fever lasts longer than 24 hours or if they display additional symptoms such as fatigue, reduced appetite, or dehydration, promptly seek veterinary care to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

Summary

Pyrexia, or fever, in dogs acts as an important indicator signaling potential health problems. Prompt veterinary evaluation and care are essential to effectively addressing the root cause. With appropriate treatment and diligent aftercare, most dogs recover well from fever episodes. It's crucial to avoid self-medicating your pet and to cooperate closely with your veterinarian to support your dog's health through diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.