How Best in Show Winners Are Chosen at American Dog Shows

In the United States, most formal pedigree dog shows assess each dog against the breed standards defined by the American Kennel Club (AKC) to identify the finest example of each breed in their respective classes.

Within these breed classes, dogs are often further sorted by age and sex, resulting in several first-place winners. These winning dogs then progress to compete in one of the seven AKC breed groups: Terriers, Sporting Dogs, Herding Dogs, Working Dogs, Non-Sporting Breeds, Hounds, and Toy Dogs. Winners from each group then move forward to the final Best in Show competition.

Judging Best in Show is unique since dogs from vastly different breeds and types are evaluated side-by-side. The judge relies on how closely each dog matches its individual AKC breed standard rather than comparing dogs directly. These standards include precise details such as body shape, size, head proportions, muzzle shape, coat texture and color, tail carriage, muscle definition, dental condition, and general health.

Besides physical traits, judges examine the dog's gait, temperament, confidence, and performance in the ring. The dog must not only conform to breed specifics but also display typical breed behavior and soundness during the event. The judge draws on extensive experience and knowledge of breed characteristics, often referring to breed standards, to determine the top dog in each group and ultimately the overall Best in Show winner.

What kinds of dog shows feature Best in Show classes?

Best in Show contests take place at many formal American Kennel Club-sanctioned dog shows across the country, ranging from local club events to highly prestigious competitions like the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. These events follow strict AKC judging protocols and feature qualifying rounds throughout the year.

Victors in Best in Show at major shows typically gain recognition and may qualify for entry into other national competitions. For many breeders and owners, winning Best in Show at the Westminster is a pinnacle achievement.

Which dogs qualify for Best in Show?

To reach Best in Show, dogs must first win their breed class and then triumph in their group competition. Only the champions of the seven AKC groups, including standard poodle puppies from the Non-Sporting group and pug puppies from the Toy group, advance to compete for Best in Show.

This rigorous filtering process guarantees that final contenders represent the highest standard of their breeds and groups, bringing together top-quality examples of canine excellence for final judging.

How do judges determine the Best in Show winner?

Judges carefully assess all group winners side-by-side during the final round. Unlike earlier stages, the comparison is not just against a breed standard but across diverse breeds, each with different builds and purposes.

The Best in Show winner is the dog that best embodies their breed's unique standard, including structure, movement, temperament, and overall ring presence. This requires the judge to apply a subjective but informed evaluation, balancing detailed physical criteria with the dog's behavior and performance on the day.

Condition and presentation on the event day carry significant weight in judging. Judges also name a Reserve Best in Show, the runner-up who made a strong impression.

Understanding the Seven Breed Groups by the AKC

Each of the seven groups represents dogs bred for specific purposes:

• Sporting Group: Bred for hunting tasks such as flushing and retrieving, including popular U.S. dogs like the Golden Retriever puppies.
• Hound Group: Includes sight hounds and scent hounds used for hunting prey, for example, Beagles and Greyhounds.
• Working Group: Dogs historically used for guarding, sledding, and rescue, such as Rottweilers and Siberian Huskies.
• Terrier Group: Often spirited and energetic dogs originally bred to hunt or control vermin, such as the Scottie and the Bull Terrier.
• Toy Group: Mainly small companion dogs, including the Chihuahua and Yorkshire Terrier.
• Non-Sporting Group: A diverse set of breeds that don't fit the other categories, including Dalmatians and Bulldogs.
• Herding Group: Breeds developed to control livestock, such as the Border Collie and Australian Shepherd.

Understanding Breed Standards in U.S. Dog Shows

Breed standards are detailed written descriptions of an ideal dog for a given breed. The AKC maintains these standards, which cover nearly every aspect of the dog's physical appearance and temperament. Judges are rigorously trained to evaluate dogs against these standards, making knowledge of the standards vital for competitors and enthusiasts alike.

Show dogs in the U.S. must be registered with the AKC and meet specific eligibility criteria. Gaining champion status before entering Best in Show level competitions requires accumulating wins at regional and national shows.

The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show: The Pinnacle of U.S. Dog Shows

Held annually in New York City, this show is one of the oldest and most prestigious sporting events in the United States. It draws top competitors from around the country and world, featuring hundreds of breeds over multiple days. Best in Show at Westminster is considered the ultimate recognition a show dog can achieve in the U.S.

Televised nationally, the Westminster Dog Show captivates dog enthusiasts and the general public alike, showcasing the diversity, beauty, and excellence of purebred dogs in America.

Whether you're an avid show dog participant, a dog breeder, or simply a dog lover, attending or watching a dog show offers an unparalleled opportunity to appreciate these magnificent animals and the dedication of their handlers and breeders.