How Your English Bulldog, French Bulldog, or Pug Can Help BOAS Research

Brachycephalic breeds such as the English Bulldog, French Bulldog, and Pug are immensely popular across the United States, consistently ranking high among favorite companion dogs. Despite their widespread charm and affection, these breeds frequently face serious respiratory health challenges known as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). This condition, resulting from their distinctive flat-faced anatomy, can significantly impair their breathing and overall well-being.

Many English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Pugs show varying degrees of BOAS symptoms. In the U.S., breed clubs like The Bulldog Club of America, French Bulldog Club of America, and Pug Dog Club of America, along with veterinary experts, actively support research and health screening programs to better understand and decrease this condition's impact.

Understanding the causes of BOAS and its effects on these dogs is vital. The goal is to encourage responsible breeding practices that prioritize health and select for more moderate physical traits to improve quality of life for these breeds.

Currently, veterinary researchers at institutions such as Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine are advancing studies on BOAS diagnosis and management. Innovative methods include telehealth respiratory assessments to improve early detection and access to care. Ongoing research also evaluates how physical traits relate to breathing difficulties and aims to guide breeders toward healthier choices that reduce BOAS prevalence.

If you own one of these popular breeds, participating in research studies can help shape a healthier future for future generations.

What does the assessment involve?

The process is divided into four main steps to thoroughly evaluate your dog's breathing and physical features.

Step 1: Veterinarian Checkup

A licensed veterinarian will conduct a detailed exam, listening to your dog's throat and lungs with a stethoscope, checking nostril openings for airflow, and watching for signs of breathing difficulty. They may also observe your dog trotting gently for about three minutes to monitor respiratory response during mild exercise.

Step 2: Measuring and Photographing

This step includes measuring key physical attributes of your dog, such as skull and muzzle length, eye width, neck and chest circumference, and overall body size. Photos from multiple angles are taken to assist in assessing head shape and conformation.

Step 3: DNA Sample Collection

A quick cheek swab is taken for DNA analysis to support genetic studies related to BOAS, helping researchers identify factors that influence susceptibility.

Step 4: Respiratory Function Monitoring

Your dog will be comfortably placed in a special chamber where their breathing can be recorded for about 20 minutes while they move freely. An investigator stays nearby in the room to watch over them, and you can observe from just outside, ensuring your pet remains calm throughout.

Which dogs qualify for this assessment?

Pedigree English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Pugs can participate in BOAS studies regardless of whether they show breathing problems or appear healthy. Gathering data from a broad range of dogs helps create a full picture of BOAS severity and informs efforts to reduce its impact.

The ultimate aim is to lower BOAS rates and enhance long-term welfare for these flat-faced breeds through smarter breeding and more informed pet ownership.

How can you enroll your dog in a BOAS study?

Research assessments typically take place at participating veterinary hospitals, such as Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Owners need to bring their dogs to these locations for appointments.

For full details, questions, or to arrange a visit, you can contact the respective research programs or breed clubs. Many U.S. institutions now offer access information online, such as through veterinary school websites.

U.S. Veterinary Consensus on BOAS and Breed Health (2025 Update)

Summary: In the United States, veterinarians and breed organizations recognize BOAS as a serious health risk affecting English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Pugs. There is a strong consensus supporting early respiratory screening, responsible breeding to reduce extreme features, and health certification programs that include BOAS assessments.

Breed clubs collaborate with groups like the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) to promote screening protocols, including adaptations of the Respiratory Function Grading (RFG) system developed in the UK. This grading helps identify dogs with mild to severe BOAS, guiding breeders and owners in making healthier selections.

Dogs with severe BOAS signs are recommended to receive veterinary care and are discouraged from being bred. Some dog shows and events now require health certifications or exclude dogs with significant respiratory issues to encourage healthier breed standards.

This approach continues to focus on improving health outcomes by discouraging breeding of severely affected dogs and increasing awareness among owners about responsible acquisition from reputable breeders who prioritize health testing.