The long, floppy ears of cocker spaniels are one of their most iconic and lovable traits; however, these features also make them more vulnerable to developing otitis externa. This common inflammatory ear condition demands careful attention and management to avoid pain and more serious complications.
If you’re a cocker spaniel owner or planning to adopt one, this article covers the causes, signs, treatment options, and prevention tips to support responsible care of your canine companion.
The cocker spaniel holds a cherished place among U.S. dog breeds, known both as beloved family pets and hunting companions. This breed typically comes in two main types: show strains and working strains, all sharing those distinctive long, drooping ears. While undeniably charming, these ears also increase the risk for ear problems.
The pendulous ear structure limits airflow and contains many wax-producing glands. This can cause wax to accumulate and, when inflamed, may lead to the narrowing of the ear canal. Due to these anatomical traits, cocker spaniels are particularly prone to otitis externa, making routine ear care critically important.
Otitis externa is an inflammation of the outer ear canal. Dogs with floppy ears, like cocker spaniels, have a higher chance of developing this because trapped moisture and limited ventilation create an environment that fosters infections and irritation.
Multiple factors can cause otitis externa including ear mites, allergies, skin disorders such as seborrhea, foreign debris like grass awns common in U.S. parks, chemical irritants, overgrowth of bacteria or yeast, and hormonal conditions like hypothyroidism. Environmental elements such as warm, humid climate—typical across many U.S. regions—also contribute.
Their ear anatomy makes cocker spaniels prone to wax build-up and irritation, triggering inflammatory responses often complicated by bacterial and yeast overgrowth.
Factors like hot and humid weather in states such as Florida or Louisiana, grooming choices like ear hair plucking (which can cause tissue trauma), and regular exposure to outdoor allergens can increase the risk. Chronic ear inflammation may narrow the ear canal (stenosis) and even affect the middle ear, worsening symptoms.
If your cocker spaniel is dealing with otitis externa, you might notice:
Your American veterinarian will perform a thorough physical exam, using an otoscope to look inside the ear canal. They’ll likely take samples for cytology or culture to identify whether bacteria, yeast, or mites are causing the issue.
Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause, controlling infection, and reducing inflammation. Typically, this involves veterinary-approved topical ear cleaners, antimicrobial or antifungal ear drops, and sometimes systemic medications like oral antibiotics, corticosteroids, or pain relievers, especially in chronic or severe cases.
Parasite-related infections, such as those caused by ear mites or fleas, require specific antiparasitic treatments combined with meticulous ear hygiene. Veterinarians strongly advise against the use of cotton swabs or inserting any objects into the ear canal to prevent further injury.
Being a responsible pet owner means early detection and prompt veterinary care. Regular check-ups and swift attention to any ear changes will help keep your cocker spaniel comfortable and healthy.