Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Old English Sheepdogs: Causes and Testing

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder affecting Old English Sheepdogs in the United States, caused by a mutation in the CCDC39 gene that impairs the function of tiny hair-like structures called cilia. These cilia are essential for clearing mucus and debris from the respiratory tract, while related structures called flagella affect sperm motility.

Dogs suffering from PCD have difficulty clearing mucus, leading to thick build-ups that can obstruct their airways. This condition results in persistent respiratory problems such as bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, and sinus infections. Symptoms typically present before the dog reaches one year of age and may include chronic coughing, sneezing, lethargy, and reluctance to exercise, conditions sometimes confused with allergies.

PCD may also lead to infertility and other health complications like ear infections and kidney scarring. Because of its significant impact, veterinary associations in the US recommend pre-breeding genetic screening for Old English Sheepdogs to avoid passing PCD on to puppies.

Understanding Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

PCD is congenital and disrupts normal ciliary movement, causing ineffective mucus clearance. This leads to a chain of health issues from ongoing nasal discharge to frequent respiratory infections, making early diagnosis difficult unless risk factors are known.

If your Old English Sheepdog shows signs like persistent coughing or sneezing, consulting your veterinarian promptly for PCD evaluation is important.

Breeds Affected in the US

This inherited disease primarily affects Old English Sheepdogs in the US. Genetic testing before breeding is crucial to identify carriers and affected dogs, helping breeders make responsible choices that produce healthy puppies. Crossbreeds with one Old English Sheepdog parent might carry the gene without symptoms, yet can still pass it to offspring.

For finding Old English Sheepdog puppies in America, it's best to source from reputable breeders who practice genetic screening, supporting ethical breeding.

Genetics and Inheritance Pattern

PCD follows an autosomal recessive pattern. Dogs can be genetically clear, carriers, or affected. The parental genetic status determines the puppies' status:

• Two clear parents will have clear puppies.
• Two affected parents will produce affected puppies.
• Two carriers produce about 25% affected puppies, 50% carriers, and 25% clear.
• A clear parent bred to a carrier will have 50% clear and 50% carrier puppies.
• A clear parent bred to an affected dog will result in 50% clear and 50% affected puppies.
• A carrier bred to an affected parent will produce 50% carriers and 50% affected puppies.

Getting Tested for PCD

Testing involves submitting a DNA sample, commonly collected via cheek swab or blood draw by your veterinarian. Samples are sent to US-approved laboratories such as Embark or Labogen for genetic analysis, confirming your dog's PCD status.

Awareness of your dog's genetic status is a responsible step that helps breeders avoid producing affected puppies and supports better health management in affected dogs.

Early detection also aids in symptom management and enhances your dog's overall wellbeing.

Summary and Responsible Breeding in the US

PCD is a notable inherited respiratory condition in Old English Sheepdogs that starts early in life. Understanding how it’s inherited, recognizing symptoms, and accessing genetic testing empower owners and breeders to maintain this cherished breed's health.

Always seek puppies from reputable American breeders who offer genetic screening and consult your veterinarian if PCD is suspected. Ethical breeding and responsible ownership contribute to healthier puppies and fulfill the commitment to your dog's welfare for many generations.