Puppy Sale Contracts: What They Are & Why You Need One

If you're investing a considerable amount in purchasing a pedigree puppy, it's crucial to have a formal contract between you and the breeder outlining the sale's terms and conditions. Professional breeders in the US typically use a standard contract, but it remains essential that buyers understand what information should be included, ensuring it protects both parties' interests.

Buying a puppy isn't an everyday event for most people, so it’s natural that the average buyer may not fully grasp what a comprehensive puppy sale contract entails. This guide breaks down what key elements should be present in a robust contract, helping you either draft your own or review the breeder’s agreement confidently.

Buyer, Seller, and Puppy Information

The contract’s opening section should clearly list the full names, addresses, and contact information for both the buyer and the seller. Specific details about the puppy must be included, such as the registered name with the American Kennel Club (AKC), the puppy’s AKC registration number, breed description, gender, color, date of birth, and microchip number if applicable.

For example, if you are buying a Labrador Retriever puppy from a reputable breeder in Texas, this information must be precisely documented to avoid any future discrepancies.

Health and Welfare Guarantees

Breeders are expected to take all reasonable steps to ensure the puppies they raise are healthy, well-cared-for, and properly socialized before sale. The contract should state that the breeder has acted responsibly concerning the breeding decision, the dam's health and welfare, and that the puppy is sold in good faith as being healthy at the time of sale.

While no breeder can guarantee a dog’s future health or temperament, this section usually includes a disclaimer noting that no absolute warranties are being made. It should also highlight any genetic screenings performed to minimize inherited health risks and provide test results to the buyer.

The contract might mention whether a veterinary exam was conducted prior to sale, with the vet's findings documented. If no exam took place, the contract should strongly suggest the buyer have the puppy checked by a licensed veterinarian within seven days following purchase to identify any hidden health issues early.

Return Rights and Conditions

This part defines the buyer’s right to return the puppy, under what conditions the breeder agrees to take the puppy back, and refund policies.

Any known issues or defects with the puppy should be explicitly disclosed. If buyers were made aware of and accepted these at the time of sale, such problems typically won’t qualify the puppy for a return.

Most contracts grant the buyer a reasonable window (often one week) to have the puppy evaluated by a veterinarian. If the vet’s written report indicates serious health problems, the breeder generally agrees to accept the puppy’s return and refund the purchase price.

Contract Endorsements and Limitations

In the US, breeders can add up to two specific endorsements to a puppy sale contract. Common clauses include restrictions against using the puppy for breeding or disclaiming eligibility to register offspring with the AKC. Such terms must be detailed clearly, including conditions or circumstances under which the limitations may be lifted later.

Future Rehoming Terms

Should the buyer ever need to rehome the dog, most responsible breeders include a clause requiring the original breeder be notified and given the first opportunity to take the puppy back. This provision helps prevent neglect, abandonment, or irresponsible rehoming practices.

Additionally, many contracts state that the breeder will assist in finding a suitable new home if needed, promoting lifelong responsible ownership and welfare beyond the point of sale.

Final Declarations and Signatures

At the conclusion of the contract, the total purchase price should be plainly stated, with both parties acknowledging the payment and the transfer of ownership.

The breeder must affirm they are the legal owner with the right to sell the puppy and agree to the contract’s terms.

The buyer should declare understanding and agreement to the contract conditions, acknowledge the purchase is for personal ownership (not resale), and confirm the transaction is made in good faith.

Both buyer and breeder must sign and date the document, each retaining a copy for their records.

For instance, in states like California, adhering to clear and fair sale contract standards not only protects all parties legally but also supports ethical breeding initiatives that prioritize puppy health and welfare.