Also known as the Russian Terrier, Moscow Toy Terrier, or Moscovian Miniature Terrier, the Russian Toy is a lively, affectionate, and intelligent companion. Tiny in size but big in spirit, this energetic breed loves being active yet enjoys cuddling just as much. Their compact build makes them ideal travel companions, while their playfulness ensures owners won’t have to carry them around all the time. Smart, loyal, and eager to please, Russian Toys are quick learners who thrive on companionship and attention.
The Russian Toy traces its origins back to Russia, where it was developed from the English Toy Terrier. Once a favorite among Russian aristocrats, the breed’s population declined sharply after the 1917 October Revolution. In the 1950s, breeders revived the line, creating a distinct variety that was officially recognized as separate from the English Toy Terrier. The first long-haired Russian Toy appeared in 1958, and the breed gained American Kennel Club (AKC) recognition in 2022. The Russian Toy comes in both short- and long-haired varieties, commonly seen in black and tan, brown and tan, or red coats, with long-haired types featuring elegant fringes on the ears, legs, belly, and tail. Their delicate build and expressive faces often lead to comparisons with the Chihuahua and Papillon.
Russian Toys are cheerful, loyal, and deeply affectionate with their families, though they can be shy or cautious with strangers without early socialization. Despite their small size, they are brave and protective, often acting as devoted little guardians. Healthwise, they are generally robust but prone to size-related concerns like patellar luxation and occasional tooth retention. Because of their fragility, it’s best to use a harness rather than a collar for walks. Grooming needs are minimal—short-haired types require only a weekly wipe-down, while long-haired Russian Toys benefit from regular brushing and monthly baths. Light daily exercise and plenty of indoor play are enough to keep them happy. They shed lightly to moderately, with heavier shedding in spring and fall.